2. Zhang J, Tang S, Hu C, Zhang C, He L, Li X, et al. Femorally inserted central venous catheter in patients with superior vena cava obstruction: choice of the optimal exit site. J Vasc Access 2017; 18: 82-8. PMID:
10.5301/jva.5000592. PMID:
27791258.
3. Gordon AC, Saliken JC, Johns D, Owen R, Gray RR. US-guided puncture of the internal jugular vein: complications and anatomic considerations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1998; 9: 333-8. PMID:
10.1016/S1051-0443(98)70277-5. PMID:
9540919.
4. Stone MB, Price DD, Anderson BS. Ultrasonographic investigation of the effect of reverse Trendelenburg on the CSA of the femoral vein. J Emerg Med 2006; 30: 211-3. PMID:
10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.05.022. PMID:
16567260.
5. Fronek A, Criqui MH, Denenberg J, Langer RD. Common femoral vein dimensions and hemodynamics including Valsalva response as a function of sex, age, and ethnicity in a population study. J Vasc Surg 2001; 33: 1050-6. PMID:
10.1067/mva.2001.113496. PMID:
11331848.
6. Randall C, Schmeiser E, Fiers E, Little A, Dogbey G, Richardson G. Ultrasound investigation of leg position to enhance femoral vein exposure for cannulation. J Emerg Med 2014; 47: 176-81. PMID:
10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.02.001. PMID:
24725821.
7. Kim W, Chung RK, Lee GY, Han JI. The effects of hip abduction with external rotation and reverse Trendelenburg position on the size of the femoral vein;ultrasonographic investigation. Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 61: 205-9. PMID:
10.4097/kjae.2011.61.3.205. PMID:
PMC3198180. PMID:
22025941.
8. Suk EH, Kim DH, Kil HK, Kweon TD. Effects of reverse Trendelenburg position and inguinal compression on femoral vein CSA in infants and young children. Anaesthesia 2009; 64: 399-402. PMID:
10.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05815.x. PMID:
19317705.
9. Olavarría VV, Arima H, Anderson CS, Brunser AM, Muñoz-Venturelli P, Heritier S, et al. Head position and cerebral blood flow velocity in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cerebrovasc Dis 2014; 37: 401-8. PMID:
10.1159/000362533. PMID:
24993471.
10. Kim HA, Yi HA, Hong JH, Lee H. Detailed relationship between the pattern of blood pressure change during the Valsalva maneuver and the degree of orthostatic hypotension during the head-up tilt test in patients with orthostatic intolerance: a retrospective case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95: e3608PMID:
10.1097/MD.0000000000003608. PMID:
27175668. PMID:
PMC4902510.
11. Parienti JJ, Mongardon N, Mégarbane B, Mira JP, Kalfon P, Gros A, et al. Intravascular complications of central venous catheterization by insertion site. N Engl J Med 2015; 373: 1220-9. PMID:
10.1056/NEJMoa1500964. PMID:
26398070.
12. McGee DC, Gould MK. Preventing complications of central venous catheterization. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1123-33. PMID:
10.1056/NEJMra011883. PMID:
12646670.
13. Cho WJ, Jang MK, Lee SC, Chin YJ, Chung CJ. Analysis for failure and immediate complications of subclavian venous catheterization. Anesth Pain Med 2008; 3: 149-53.
14. Iwashima S, Ishikawa T, Ohzeki T. Ultrasound-guided versus landmark-guided femoral vein access in pediatric cardiac catheterization. Pediatr Cardiol 2008; 29: 339-42. PMID:
10.1007/s00246-007-9066-2. PMID:
17851631.
15. Scholz T, Mathisen O, Bergan A, Osnes S, Innes R, Pedersen T, et al. Percutaneous technique for venovenous bypass including a heat exchanger is safe and reliable in liver transplantation. Transpl Int 1997; 10: 180-4. PMID:
10.1111/j.1432-2277.1997.tb00682.x. PMID:
9163856.
16. Lu SY, Matsusaki T, Abuelkasem E, Sturdevant ML, Humar A, Hilmi IA, et al. Complications related to invasive hemodynamic monitors during adult liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2013; 27: 823-8. PMID:
10.1111/ctr.12222. PMID:
24033433.
17. Langer T, Santini A, Bottino N, Crotti S, Batchinsky AI, Pesenti A, et al. “Awake” extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): pathophysiology, technical considerations, and clinical pioneering. Crit Care 2016; 20: 150PMID:
10.1186/s13054-016-1329-y. PMID:
27357690. PMID:
PMC4928342.
18. Powell JT, Mink JT, Nomura JT, Levine BJ, Jasani N, Nichols WL, et al. Ultrasound-guidance can reduce adverse events during femoral central venous cannulation. J Emerg Med 2014; 46: 519-24. PMID:
10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.08.023. PMID:
24462032.
21. Buchanan MS, Backlund B, Liao MM, Sun J, Cydulka RK, Smith-Coggins R, et al. Use of ultrasound guidance for central venous catheter placement: survey from the American Board of Emergency Medicine longitudinal study of emergency physicians. Acad Emerg Med 2014; 21: 416-21. PMID:
10.1111/acem.12350. PMID:
24730404.
22. Ballard DW, Reed ME, Rauchwerger AS, Chettipally UK, Offerman SR, Mark DG, et al. Emergency physician perspectives on central venous catheterization in the emergency department: a survey-based study. Acad Emerg Med 2014; 21: 623-30. PMID:
10.1111/acem.12386. PMID:
25039545.
23. Soni NJ, Reyes LF, Keyt H, Arango A, Gelfond JA, Peters JI, et al. Use of ultrasound guidance for central venous catheterization: a national survey of intensivists and hospitalists. J Crit Care 2016; 36: 277-83. PMID:
10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.07.014. PMID:
27491563.